Data used to produce the predicted 36Cl/Cl map for the Hutton Aquifer and equivalents in the Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin (Ransley et.al., 2015). There are four layers in the Hutton Aquifer and equivalents 36Cl/Cl map data A. Location of hydrochemistry samples (Point data, Shapefile) B. Predicted Concentration (Filled contours , Shapefile) C. Predicted Concentration Contours (Contours, Shapefile) D. Prediction Standard Error (Filled contours , Shapefile) The predicted values provide a regional based estimate and may be associated with considerable error. It is recommended that the predicted values are read together with the predicted error map, which provides an estimate of the absolute standard error associated with the predicted values at any point within the map. The predicted standard error map provides an absolute standard error associated with the predicted values at any point within the map. Please note this is not a relative error map and the concentration of a parameter needs to be considered when interpreting the map. Predicted standard error values are low where the concentration is low and there is a high density of samples. Predicted standard errors values can be high where the concentration is high and there is moderate variability between nearby samples or where there is a paucity of data. Units are 36Cl/Cl x10-15 Coordinate system is Lambert conformal conic GDA 1994, with central meridian 134 degrees longitude, standard parallels at -18 and -36 degrees latitude. The Hutton Aquifer and equivalents 36Cl/Cl map is one of four hydrochemistry maps for the Hutton Aquifer and equivalents and 24 hydrochemistry maps in the Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin (Ransley et.al., 2015). This dataset and associated metadata can be obtained from www.ga.gov.au, using catalogue number 81710 References: Hitchon, B. and Brulotte, M. (1994): Culling criteria for 'standard' formation water analyses; Applied Geochemistry, v. 9, p. 637-645 Ransley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2014. Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin. Geoscience Australia. Canberra. [available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 79790]

Over 70 years, Geoscience Australia has contributed to the economic, social and environmental well-being of Australia. This publication highlights a number of case studies where Geoscience Australia's work has provided benefits in six strategic priorities: * Building Australia's Resource Wealth * Ensuring Australia's Community Safety * Security Australia's Water Resources * Managing Australia's Marine Jurisdictions * Providing Fundamental Geographic Information * Maintaining Geoscience Knowledge and Capability

Data used to produce the predicted Alkalinity map for the Hutton Aquifer and equivalents in the Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin (Ransley et.al., 2015). There are four layers in the Hutton Aquifer and equivalents Alkalinity map data A. Location of hydrochemistry samples (Point data, Shapefile) B. Predicted Concentration (Filled contours , Shapefile) C. Predicted Concentration Contours (Contours, Shapefile) D. Prediction Standard Error (Filled contours , Shapefile) The predicted values provide a regional based estimate and may be associated with considerable error. It is recommended that the predicted values are read together with the predicted error map, which provides an estimate of the absolute standard error associated with the predicted values at any point within the map. The predicted standard error map provides an absolute standard error associated with the predicted values at any point within the map. Please note this is not a relative error map and the concentration of a parameter needs to be considered when interpreting the map. Predicted standard error values are low where the concentration is low and there is a high density of samples. Predicted standard errors values can be high where the concentration is high and there is moderate variability between nearby samples or where there is a paucity of data. Concentrations are Alkalinity as CaCO3 mg/L. Coordinate system is Lambert conformal conic GDA 1994, with central meridian 134 degrees longitude, standard parallels at -18 and -36 degrees latitude. The Hutton Aquifer and equivalents Alkalinity map is one of four hydrochemistry maps for the Hutton Aquifer and equivalents and 24 hydrochemistry maps in the Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin (Ransley et.al., 2015). This dataset and associated metadata can be obtained from www.ga.gov.au, using catalogue number 81708. References: Hitchon, B. and Brulotte, M. (1994): Culling criteria for 'standard' formation water analyses; Applied Geochemistry, v. 9, p. 637-645 Ransley, T., Radke, B., Feitz, A., Kellett, J., Owens, R., Bell, J. and Stewart, G., 2014. Hydrogeological Atlas of the Great Artesian Basin. Geoscience Australia. Canberra. [available from www.ga.gov.au using catalogue number 79790]

Gravity data measures small changes in gravity due to changes in the density of rocks beneath the Earth's surface. The data collected are processed via standard methods to ensure the response recorded is that due only to the rocks in the ground. The results produce datasets that can be interpreted to reveal the geological structure of the sub-surface. The processed data is checked for quality by GA geophysicists to ensure that the final data released by GA are fit-for-purpose. This NTGS_Victoria_Basin_Gravity_P201582_CSCBA267GUVD.nc grid is a first vertical derivative of the Bouguer anomaly grid for the Victoria Basin Gravity survey. This gravity survey was acquired under the project No. 201582 for the geological survey of NT. The grid has a cell size of 0.00734872 degrees (approximately 800m). A total of 6173 gravity stations were acquired to produce the original grid. A Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) process was applied to the original grid to calculate the first vertical derivative grid.

The Tonga subduction zone is among the most seismically active regions and has the highest plate convergence rate in the world. However, thrust events confidently located on the plate boundary have not exceeded Mw 8.0. The possibility of a low probability maximum magnitude event of Mw 8.6 to 9.1 has been raised, but a paucity of geodetic observations and their distance from the Tonga trench have precluded direct assessment of megathrust slip deficit accumulation. We analyze two major thrust fault earthquakes that occurred in central Tonga in 2006 and 2009. The 3 May 2006 Mw 8.0 event has a focal mechanism consistent with interplate thrusting, was located west of the trench, and caused a moderate regional tsunami. However, long-period seismic wave inversions and finite-fault modeling by joint inversion of teleseismic body waves and local GPS static offsets indicate a slip distribution centered ~65 km deep, about 30 km deeper than the plate boundary revealed by locations of aftershocks, demonstrating that this was an intraslab event. The aftershock locations were obtained using data from 7 temporary seismic stations deployed shortly after the mainshock, and most lie on the plate boundary, not on either nodal plane of the deeper mainshock. The fault plane is ambiguous and investigation of compound rupture involving co-seismic slip along the megathrust does not provide a better fit, although activation of megathrust faulting is responsible for the aftershocks. The 19 March 2009 Mw 7.6 compressional faulting event occurred below the trench; finite-fault and W-phase inversions indicate an intraslab, ~50-km deep centroid, with ambiguous fault plane. There continues to be a paucity of large megathrust earthquakes in Tonga.

This technical report details the results of groundwater hydrochemical characterisation in coal seams and adjacent aquifers in Queensland's Surat Region and Laura Basin. The report also provides information on environmental values of groundwater in relation to ecological and human use in the study areas and also offers general guidance on groundwater quality monitoring strategies.

New SHRIMP U-Pb zircon ages from the Stavely region, western Victoria July 2013 - June 2014

As part of the National CO2 Infrastructure Plan (NCIP) between 2011 and 2014 Geoscience Australia undertook a comprehensive study in the offshore Vlaming Sub-basin to provide new pre-competitive data and information to underpin potential CO2 storage solutions. The Vlaming Sub-basin is a Mesozoic depocentre within the southern Perth Basin located about 30 km west of Perth. It covers an area of approximately 23,000 km2 and contains up to 14 km of sediments. The basin lies close to industrial sources of CO2 emissions in the Perth area and contains a number of reservoir-seal pairs potentially suitable for CO2 storage. The Gage Sandstone and the overlying South Perth Shale (SPS) deposited as part of the early post-rift succession are considered the most prospective reservoir-seal pair. Previous assessments of this basin indicated that up 1 GT of CO2 can be stored in the Gage Sandstone reservoir. However, lack of interest in the 2009 Greenhouse Gas acreage release in the Vlaming Sub-basin showed that a more detailed assessment is required. This study addresses critical scientific issues underpinning CO2 storage potential of the Vlaming Sub-basin that were not sufficiently explored previously. These include: - better characterisation of the reservoir heterogeneity; - detailed understanding of the seal quality and integrity; - a more accurate estimate of the practical storage capacity and, - an accurate environmental baseline and potential issues of environmental concern Overall the study confirmed suitability of the Gage Sandstone reservoir for long-term storage of CO2 and provided a more accurate delineation of the suitable storage sites. At the same time it highlighted the importance of careful consideration of the containment and potential environmental impact in any future CO2 storage projects.

The Browse Basin lies offshore from Western Australia's Kimberley region and hosts vast accumulations of natural gas, some of which are rich in condensate, making it Australia's next major liquefied natural gas (LNG) producing province on the North West Shelf. This presentation discusses the four Mesozoic petroleum systems that are currently defined in the Browse Basin. There is a dry-gas-prone petroleum system, presumably sourced from the LowerMiddle Jurassic Plover Formation, which is pervasive across the entire basin. Three other petroleum systems are presently only recognised within the Caswell Sub-basin, being sourced by more liquid-prone source rocks within Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous sedimentary rocks. These petroleum systems are summarised as follows; EarlyMiddle Jurassic Petroleum System (Westralian 1, or W1); represented by accumulations on the BrecknockScott Reef Trend, mostly reservoired within the Plover Formation. Jurassic Petroleum System (Westralian 1 to 2, or W1W2); represented by the Crux gas accumulation, reservoired in Nome, Plover and Vulcan formations. Late Jurassicearliest Cretaceous Petroleum System (Westralian 2 and 3, or W2+W3); probably represented by the Ichthys (Brewster) accumulation reservoired in the Brewster Member of the upper Vulcan Formation. Early Cretaceous Petroleum System (Westralian 3, or W3); represented by the Cornea and Gwydion oil accumulations, and the Caswell 2 oil accumulation reservoired within either the Heywood or Jamieson formations. However, gas in the greater Cornea structure is typically biodegraded and may originate from the Plover Formation (W1) as determined by geochemical evidence from the carbon isotopic signature of neo-pentane. Further work is in progress to confirm these petroleum systems and redefine their extent by correlating the wet gases and oils with their source rocks.

Tsunamis are infrequent events with the power to cause massive loss of life, large economic losses, and cascading effects such as destruction of critical facilities. The recurrence of the truly disastrous events may range from hundreds to even thousands of years. To manage these events, scientists turn to hazard and risk analysis. This typically involves a quantification of the temporal probability of a tsunami run-up height at a coastal location or region, often involving long recurrence, labelled the hazard analysis. Correspondingly the risk analysis concerns probability of damage and loss, using the hazard analysis as the basis. We here present the first fully probabilistic global tsunami hazard and risk analysis, by using large earthquakes as sources. Unlike more frequent hazards as for instance floods and cyclones, tsunami risk analysis cannot make use of historical records. The hazard analysis is rather based on the Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard Assessment (PTHA) method, which employs earthquake sources to quantify the probability of tsunami run-up and inundation height at coastal locations. Based on the PTHA, a probabilistic risk analysis quantifying the probability of direct building damage losses is conducted for all tsunami prone countries worldwide. Being a global analysis comprising the most relevant tsunami sources and probabilities, the study provides an overview of the global tsunami risk state-of-affairs on the national scale. Originally developed for broad interdisciplinary multi-risk studies comparing various natural hazards on the national and regional scale, the methods and results presented here are however not suitable for detailed local studies of the tsunami hazard and risk.